Critical antecedents of mobile learning acceptance and moderation effects: A meta-analysis on technology acceptance model

Mobile learning has gained significant recognition for its beneficial effects on learning across various dimensions. Nonetheless, ensuring consistent learner acceptance of mobile learning remains a critical factor to address. This meta-analysis study is the first comprehensive examination of critical antecedents impacting learners’ perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of mobile learning within the Technology Acceptance Model. This study undertook a comprehensive analysis of prior research conducted in both English and Chinese languages during the last 22 years. The aim was to build the Integrated Mobile Learning Acceptance Model utilizing a one-stage meta-analysis structural equation model. Five major antecedents of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were identified, and the moderating effects of education level, region, and culture were revealed. The resulting model provides a cohesive framework for understanding the factors that influence learners’ intention to use mobile learning across various contexts. At the same time, the results of the study contribute to the advancement of theory in mobile learning acceptance and have practical implications for the design and evaluation of mobile learning.